Stagflation leading to Recession - The Kodiak Bear Thesis

I would be very curious to know where he is getting this from.

Given: a) the shape of the demographic pyramid, b) folks who needed to retire in the late 2000’s finally retiring over the last few years and definitely not coming back, c) a significant reduction in immigration during the Covid years, d) a reduction in the average work week (in terms of hours worked), and e) the great resignation (almost in that order of importance), I wonder where these additional workers will magically appear from.

Edit: Oops, cross-posted with TheHouse :slight_smile:

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I was reading MacroAlfs newsletter from today: Nothing Else (Except Macro) Matters

He mentioned being short russels due to them having the highest exposure to earnings and guidance which makes sense with them being small caps. We have been discussing Q2 earnings for awhile on this thread, I know Ill be paying attention to them, but I think Im going to start watching IWM and potentially start trading it how I like trading SPY. I still need to dig into how its currently being valued, and see how it responds to certain indicators, but to me kind of sounds like a no brainer

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I like checking in on what Bernanke has to say, I came across this video from a month ago with all of 1.4k views. If you want to know how the fed uses “attentive” investor psychology as a tool to satisfy both of thier mandates, Mr. Bernanke in this video will walk you through it.

Im holding DAL puts and a calander strangle on IWM, had some spy calls from yesterday’s strangle that paid well, then with a little bit of positive scalping I ended the day -$700, which im okay with given how much we ripped, Roughly +5k on the week.

I think their could be more life to this rally but I dont think the market is anticipating weaker than expected earnings the rest of the month. This will be a good test to see how much current evaluations are priced in. If heavy hitters earnings surprise to the down side without a broad market reaction, then that would tell us it is.

As mentioned throughout this thread I believe earnings is where the rubber meets the road for equities, I think we are heading into a period where fundamentals will lead the market. Fiscal and long term global monetary poIicy created inflation. Inflation created jobs, companies expanded and grew, then hired more workers and grew some more. The standard of living was raised all over the world.

The global market inflated, fueled by long term accommodating monetary policy, windfall fiscal policy, and an American population’s unsustainable appetite to consume. When covid money went out, it was spent, and fast. Then it just kept coming. This was always going to be short lived but when the Trump then Biden bucks stopped, American’s in masses didnt lower thier standard of living. Instead of cutting back, they bought on credit, then more, then more.

This is why I think of credit as spending future dollars. And globally, everyone has been spending alot of those future dollars. Countries and people alike.

This is the mechanics of inflation. Introducing more dollars into the system through fiscal policy, or give people access to more credit, or “future dollars” through monetary policy. Since everyone had money or access to it demand went everywhere. Artifically propping up evaluations all over the stock market while creating asset bubbles like housing or crypto. This creates a credit flywheel since quickly appreciating leveraged assets can be used as collateral towards more quickly appreciating leveraged assets.

Inflation coming down has the opposite effect. It slows demand and takes away the ability to spend more through credit. When money is everywhere and intrest rates have been near zero for so long you forget how much money was out there. A significant amount of people had access to credit to start a business the last 5 years, and the strong demand allowed them an easier first few years than in the past, especially post covid, the stat used to be 20% of businesses fail within their first 2 years. I just haven’t seen that many business close their doors lately.

Inflation at 9.1% is very high but we all think next CPI print is lower right? Okay, if its lower, and CPI is a lagging indicator of demand. Rate hikes carry a 3-6 month lag, that means we have just recently started to feel the actual credit expansion slow down. So demand coming from credit will undoubtedly be less well into at least next year, even with a rate cut in December. The flywheel reverses. And now the tightening of credit tightens credit.

But remember, the consumer still has to pay those elevated obligations well into the future regardless of where demand, inflation, or wages might be. 72 Months, $700/month payment is the average for a new car in the US. Credit card debt breaking 3 new all time highs within the last 3 months.

Now if demand is going down and some businesses cant afford the elevated wages, which do you think is more likely or comes first?

1: A landlord needing to lower rent?
Or
2: A company needing to lower wages or staff?

The labor force is in charge of wages so long as demand stays high, and labor stays scarce but either one of them change and companies are making “tough descisions” laying off workers, pay freezes, hiring freezes, cutting hours, cutting wages, etc. But even then, the employee that starts to feel these pains still have elevated rent, Food, and gas. Those dont turn around over night all the way down the chain.

This perpetuates the problem until the weakest bussinesses close their doors, and everyday americans figure out how to pay that $700/month car payment coming up. Thats what a recession is.

So although im actively trading this months earnings through IWM, more than anything Im looking forward to seeing what the financials say, they will say more about a recession than a fed presidents 30 sec clip on cnbc. Both who have a tendancy to be wrong more than right.

I am not saying we see a market crash, I really dont have a clue. I think collateral issues could cause some problems and its possible but who knows, but Im not playing a crash, Im playing a recession. So the trades I am making are for trends down. This is why I havent been trading green days as much and if I do its limited capital.

This is slighty different than just playing the day. I say this because if im trading red trends or days that are assumed to be in line with my macro views and data coming out that has given me an ever so slight edge ytd and sometimes thats all you need to make a little money.

I think right now im as bearish as ever but that doesnt mean I dont expect green days and sustained bear market rallies. Bulls or Bears we all need to be thinking about risk management and capital preservation at all times. Hope everyone has a great weekend.

One more thing, I think the real opportunity right now is strategies on trading this chop. Bulls and bears should be making money right now we just need to keep figuring out what works best

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That was a great video from Bernanke - had to rewind a few times to get some of points. Thanks for sharing!

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New article today from WSJ… Both title and opening paragraph seem to indicate 75bps… CME fedwatch site also puts 75bps @ ~71% right now.

Seeing as how the “quiet period” before the meeting is now in effect, I guess earnings are going to be the main directional guide for the market. We do have some housing numbers mon/tue/wed but I think everyone expects to see the housing market continue to cool off. Jobless claims Thursday could have some effect.

Federal Reserve officials have signaled they are likely to raise interest rates by 0.75 percentage point later this month, for the second straight meeting, as part of an aggressive effort to combat high inflation.

Policy makers left the door open to a larger, full-percentage-point increase at the July 26-27 gathering. But some of them simultaneously poured cold water on the idea in recent interviews and public comments ahead of their premeeting quiet period, which began Saturday.

Economists surveyed by The Wall Street Journal this month put the chance of a recession sometime in the next 12 months at 49%. Most of the 62 respondents expect the central bank to raise the fed-funds rate at least above 3.25% by the end of the year and to maintain it at or above that level through next year. Most expect the Fed’s first rate cut to occur by the end of 2023.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/fed-officials-preparing-to-lift-interest-rates-by-another-0-75-percentage-point-11658068201

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Hell of a rally today, cut my puts at the bell, let my calls run although I cut them before IWM ran another +1.5%. Did a little bit of scalping to the upside but by early afternoon the markets had ripped so much I had a hard time wanting to enter calls, ended the day giving up 3/4 of my gains from yesterday. Currently sitting 100% cash.

I cant seem to find anything that indicates a bullish catalyst, the macro side as far as I can tell has remained unchanged and all roads lead to earnings. With that said, given how violent the last few rallies have been and some of the perspectives of members in this group that I truly respect, Im going to try to be more open to playing both sides. No reason to miss out on a huge green day, just need to see what that looks like with my trading style.

I appreciate all of the advice and wisdom that gets shared here, and congrats to everyone that played and made money on todays rally.

Im heading to Europe for a music festival here in a few days. Trying to get ahead of work this week so I can fully enjoy it. Will be gone for a few weeks but I’m still planning on doing a little trading and checking into Valhalla off and on while we are traveling.

Hope everyone has a great rest of the week

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One school of thought that I’ve come across is that the rally is being fueled by certainty in the target rate for the remainder of the year.

Even though earnings may swing the market temporarily, we have to remember that they are lagging and are a reflection of the macroeconomic conditions during a past period (hence why guidance can easily have a greater impact than the reported numbers).

Essentially, we’re seeing that based on all of the economic factors, the Fed plans on the rate to “peak” at 3.5-3.75 bps. Below we see the probabilities chart for the rate at the end of the year.

And if you look at the March projections, it still shows that range being the most likely.

Also, I believe @thots_and_prayers pointed out signs of weakness in the dollar (based off of the same macroeconomic certainty) which means lower interest rates in the future, which means money flows back into equites. I learned about this during my time studying forex, and I would encourage all to learn the basics.

Notice in the chart above how the big COVID bull run was inverse to the strength of the dollar (because COVID forced the fed into keeping interest rates low).

As we all know, it isn’t going to be a straight line back to the top, but we could potentially be witnessing the beginning of the bottoming process.

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I believe the safer bet is we saw a bear rally today. These are more violent than bull rallies historically and we continue to have very high inflation, lower productivity from workers, and a likely 2nd quarter of negative gdp growth. I want to jump back in with my cash on the sidelines and start seeing weekly gains by leeps and bounds like in past bull markets. It’s hard to see the reason for a bottom yet.

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Good visual when thinking about playing a bear market. Big swings in both directions.
One thing that stood out to me was, nearly every leg down starts with a pretty insignificant red day first. That means if you are wanting to play longer puts on a potential upcoming reversal, you historically dont need to catch the first day.

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A good review of our market. Agree or disagree, but worth reading. From one of my advisors.
Semi-Annual_Market_News.pdf (805.0 KB)

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Some Interesting points here -

Couple releases next week -

Gross Domestic Product, 2nd Quarter 2022 (Advance Estimate) July 28 08:30 AM
Personal Income and Outlays, June 2022 July 29 08:30 AM

(full article - Biden administration on the defensive as dismal economic report looms | Fox Business)

Should the economy decline in the second quarter, it could meet the technical criteria for a recession, which requires a “significant decline in economic activity that is spread across the economy and that lasts more than a few months.” Still, the NBER – the semi-official arbiter – may not confirm it immediately.

The White House is now seeking to redefine what constitutes a recession before the data release, which is likely to show two consecutive periods of shrinkage. In a new blog post, White House Council of Economic Advisers chair Cecilia Rouse and member Jared Bernstein argued the economy is nowhere near a downturn as defined by the NBER.

“While some maintain that two consecutive quarters of falling real GDP constitute a recession, that is neither the official definition nor the way economists evaluate the state of the business cycle,” they wrote, noting that a “holistic” approach takes into account the labor market, consumer and business spending, industrial production and incomes. “Based on these data, it is unlikely that the decline in GDP in the first quarter of this year—even if followed by another GDP decline in the second quarter—indicates a recession.”

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Its fascinating that just a few weeks ago the white house was saying the economy was strong driven by a robust labor market, sound familiar? and now they are trying to redefine what constitutes a recession. The reality is, bear markets are painful, stagflation is painful, recessions are very painful but we live in a world that is so comfortable we would rather try theatrics than acknowledging and working on the problem at hand.

But is it any surprise?

The White House doesn’t want a called recession because their fiscal policies contributed to it, and the the same goes for the federal reserve, their monetary policy contributed to the economic decline we are seeing right before our eyes. It also makes the bullshit “soft landing” perspective a much harder sell.
Instead of looking at nearly every data point coming out as well as recent hiring freezes, layoffs, weak earnings, something I have been talking about since January, it’s much more convenient to say inflation isn’t a problem, the economy is strong, the labor market is strong, the housing market is strong, and oh btw that’s not considered a recession anymore, nothing to see here.

I was in the workforce as a hiring manager in 2008, 2009, and 2010 while actively trading the market. This period of my life taught me how painful a recession can be as well as how universally wrong our leaders, the fed, financial media, and markets are capable of being. By design or ignorance, “history may not repeat itself but it sure rhymes”

But don’t take a small town Idaho boys perspective. Go look at the data, go look at financials, go look at earnings, go look at the last 50 years of bear markets, go look at the last 80 years of recessions, look at broad market P/E ratios, look at the history of monetary policy, look at what’s happening all over the world and draw your own conclusions.

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Interesting Bloomberg article that came out this morning:

Original (paywall): https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-07-24/fed-to-inflict-more-pain-on-economy-as-it-readies-big-rate-hike
Archive (no paywall): https://archive.ph/UmuvI

I like this chart from the article, really helps break down CPI components visually:

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This is a great chart indeed, @TheMadBeaker !

That services inflation is the most sticky, and is the hardest to slow down. To the extent that it is over 2% already and climbing, difficult to see how things will turn around by the end of the year for the Fed to declare “Mission Accomplished” and start dialing down rates appreciably again.

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Incidentally, here are the updated rate probabilities from just 11 days ago - we’ve priced away 50bps of rate cuts for December compared to then.

image

(Source: CME)

The market is basically betting that the Fed must pivot, irrespective of what they are saying right now. I.e. Fed’s words have very little credibility with market participants. So it’ll probably ignore anything JPow or his lieutenants say on and after FOMC.

How likely is it that the Fed will stop after two 50 bps hikes, after the 75 bps one in a few days? It really depends on whether we think the Fed will ease up because the economy is hurting (as @TheHouse notes above), even though inflation is not under control. We have discussed the prospect of stagflation at some length already; I suppose what surprises me is how much the market is leaning toward the Fed pumping the economy quickly (the “Fed Put”), ignoring inflation pains.

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@TheHouse Have you seen any updated QE data? I’m curious to see how much has been done already and if there has been any impact yet.

Also, the chart below from @The_Ni from April is interesting. We are seeing housing declines now, but with decent profit figures coming out, the market is still happy.

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Cleveland Fed is now forecasting a major reduction in MoM inflation - 0.27% in Jul and 0.54% in Aug, compared to actual 1.3% in Jun.

These are the actual numbers form the last 6 months:

This is good news for the markets because of inflation is really slowing this much, then even more reason for the Fed to reduce interest rates sooner. Trick is of course… its one thing to get inflation from 9% to say 5%… it is another to get it from 5% to 2% that we have all gotten accustomed to.

Next update is on Aug 10.

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Recent comments from fed being quite hawkish leads me to believe CPI numbers are going to be higher than expected. If we see an increase, even if it’s very small, the market will react negatively. Inflation decline priced in currently which fueled the latest run up. I’m currently hedging bearish in small increments as much of my cash is on the bench.

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Tl;dr

Virtually all marco indicators are pointing downward, but our pilots in the Fed are away for the summer and bond markets are confused as shit, so markets have decided to throw a party. Likely to lead to a rather big hangovers, but … no rush, apparently.

Everything - everything - is trending downward (except the market)

Deities of the financial universe (and the Fed) must be going “WTF!” at the markets, which seem to be on a rather spirited bull run.

This despite no signs of inflation slowing down with any haste, us being in a technical recession already, and the constant jawboning from Fed officials about how serious they are about tightening financial conditions - which everyone is seemingly ignoring.

Yet, there are many signs the economy is the titanic, and there are icebergs ahead. And we are all hurtling toward them at the same time.

First, an update to the HOPE framework we’ve been following since April:

H and O are bad. P and E are trending toward bad.

Next, we have 4 of the 6 indicators that are tracked by the NBER to determine a recession-recession (not the Wikipedia variety) decidedly trending downward:

Finally, while oil related inventories are at or near 5-year lows, they seem to be curling up:

Bond market still trying to make up its mind

On one hand, the inversion of the 10Y2Y is real, and getting realer. And hasn’t been this inverted in a while.

image

Although … not really sure what happened on Aug 2 to make bond yields switch direction:

Apparently all this is because the bond market is choosing “Yes” as the answer to the question: “Will there be rate hikes or rate cuts in 2023?”:

image
(Source:CME)

This is what it looked like two weeks ago:

image

So, so indecisive, the bond market is …

So what happens?

The general consensus out there amongst the “macro folks” is we see a bit of a market rally because everyone has been dying for one for a while, and there’s all this powder on the side.

But then reality will catch up at some point soon, markets will correct downward, go through current hedges, VIX will explode when we burn all those hedges and people panic, there is capitulation, and the healing can finally begin. An act that is supposed to play out into 2023.

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Watching Maverick’s latest analysis here: The Bulls Are In For A Nasty Surprise! - YouTube

He seems to be saying pretty much what you are: that the market is mistakenly being bullish right now.

He also reviews the “fed pivot” points and counterpoints, and suspects that the next CPI print may have lower headline inflation due to gas coming down, but that core CPI may be higher than expected. Core CPI is what the fed has stated they care about most because “food and energy are too volatile”.

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